1979 VW Bus EV Conversion

Finalized Design Specification — Rev R3 Master Plan
HyPer 9HV • X144 Isolated Logic • 7× Tesla Model S Modules (42S, ~37 kWh) • Orion BMS 2 (48S)
Elcon 6.6kW Charger • Elcon 1kW DC-DC • GV200PA-1 Main Contactor • REC35P1KX Negative Contactor
✓ DESIGN FINALIZED — March 2026

1. System at a Glance

Pack Voltage

126–176V
42S × 3.0–4.2V • Nom 155V

Total Energy

~37 kWh
7 × 5.3 kWh Tesla Model S

Motor / Controller

HyPer 9HV / X144
ISO logic • 73–184V • PMAC

Charge Power

6.6 kW L2
3.3 kW L1 • J1772 inlet

Est. Range

~100–130 mi
Mixed @ 350–400 Wh/mi

Charge Time

~5.5 hrs L2
~11 hrs L1 • 46A max

2. Physical Layout & Battery Boxes

3 BATTERY BOXES
Three sealed enclosures under the bus

The Left Box and Right Box are each single enclosures holding two stacked modules. The Center Box is a mated pair (Center-Left + Center-Right halves joined together) holding three modules plus the component shelf.

LEFT BOX (single)          CENTER BOX (mated pair: CL + CR)               RIGHT BOX (single)
┌──────────────┐     ┌────────────────┬─────────────────┐     ┌──────────────┐
│  M1 (L-Top)  │     │  M3 (CL-Top)  │  Component Shelf │     │  M6 (R-Top)  │
│  cells 37-42 │     │  cells 25-30  │  25"×10.5"×3"    │     │  cells 7-12  │
│  PACK POS    │     │               │  Orion BMS 2     │     │              │
├──────────────┤     ├───────────────┤  GV200PA-1       │     ├──────────────┤
│  M2 (L-Bot)  │     │  M4 (CL-Bot)  │  REC35P1KX       │     │  M7 (R-Bot)  │
│  cells 31-36 │     │  cells 19-24  │  DHAB S/155      │     │  cells 1-6   │
│              │     │               │  F1, F2, F3, F4  │     │  PACK NEG    │
└──────┬───────┘     └───────┬───────┴────────┬────────┘     └──────┬───────┘
       │                     │                │                     │
       └──── J1 ────────────┘                └──── J3 ────────────┘
            M2- → M3+                     HVBD4AXR between      M5- → M6+
                          J2: M4- → M5+  CR shelf and Right

Internal busbars (stacked pairs, top-neg to bottom-pos diagonal):
  INT-L: M1- → M2+    INT-CL: M3- → M4+    INT-R: M6- → M7+

M5 (CR-Bottom) sits below the shelf in the Center-Right half. Only 1 module in that half.

Component Shelf (Center-Right, above M5)

SHELF: 25" × 10.5" × 3"
Two lanes: HV lane and control lane, physically separated

HV Lane: F1 pack fuse + block • DHAB S/155 current sensor • GV200PA-1 main contactor • REC35P1KX negative contactor • HV bus / distribution studs • branch fuse positions (F2, F3, F4, F5)

Control Lane: Orion BMS 2 • Orion thermistor expansion • T9AP1D52-12 charger safety relay • contactor logic relays • heater enable logic • thermal control relays • LV relay/fuse panel • control harness entries

Ground: Scrape/sand bare metal at all mounting points. Use external tooth lock washers. Ground lug → shelf → box → chassis. If box is isolated from chassis (rubber mounts, powder coat), run dedicated ground strap through box to chassis.

Physical Regions

RegionContents
Left Box (underbody, driver side)M1 (L-Top), M2 (L-Bot), internal busbar, PRV valve, thermistors T1-T2
Center Box — CL halfM3 (CL-Top), M4 (CL-Bot), internal busbar, thermistors T3-T4
Center Box — CR halfM5 (CR-Bot) + component shelf, thermistors T5 + T8 (shelf)
Right Box (underbody, passenger side)M6 (R-Top), M7 (R-Bot), internal busbar, PRV valve, thermistors T6-T7
Between CR shelf & Right boxHVBD4AXR maintenance disconnect
Rear drive area (engine bay)X144, HyPer 9HV motor, B+/B+Precharge/B- terminals, encoder, motor thermistor
Rear-right LV areaNLX24 12V battery, Elcon 1kW DC-DC, LV distribution
Driver cabin (dash)CAN Touch Display, Speedhut SOC gauge, tach adapter, throttle, F/R switch, profile switches
Exterior (TBD location)J1772 32A receptacle (J1772R-V2) + mounting bracket
Driver side, in front of battery boxes (behind front tire, skid plate protected)Elcon 6.6kW charger (vented enclosure), CanEV 1500W cabin heater kit

3. HV Power Distribution

PACK_POS (M1+, L-Top)
  │
  ▼
HVBD4AXR maintenance disconnect (between CR shelf and Right box)
  │
  ├──→ F4 (10A KLK) → HV Precharge Relay → X144 B+ Precharge
  │                         ▲ coil: 12V key switch
  │
  ▼
F1 (500A / 220V) main pack fuse
  │
  ▼
DHAB S/155 current sensor (ALL current — charge and discharge — passes here)
  │
  ├──→ F3 (20A KLK)DC-DC HV+  [upstream of GV200. HV− downstream of REC35 — needs REC35 closed]
  │
  ▼
GV200PA-1 main contactor (X144 K1-25/K1-26, external PWM economizer)
  │
  ▼
HV_BUS_POS ──┬──→ X144 B+
              ├──→ F2 (60A 20EV)Elcon 6.6kW Charger HV+ [UPSTREAM of GV200 — plug-and-charge, no key required]
              └──→ F5 (25A TRM)CanEV 1500W Cabin Heater (via LEV100 contactor from kit, ~10-11A @ 144V)

PACK_NEG (M7−, R-Bottom)
  │
  ▼
REC35P1KX negative contactor (Orion pin 7 Discharge Enable, internal K-coil economizer)Polarity sensitive: +A1 = pack side, −A2 = bus side
  ▼
HV_BUS_NEG ──┬──→ X144 B−
              ├──→ Charger HV−
              ├──→ DC-DC HV−
              └──→ HV Heater return

4. Contactor Architecture

CONFIRMED
Dual-Contactor: GV200PA-1 (Positive) + REC35P1KX (Negative)

The X144 controls the positive contactor as part of its precharge/main-contact sequence. The Orion BMS controls the negative contactor via watchdog-backed Discharge Enable. Either system can independently kill HV power.

Startup Sequence

Key ON
  ├─→ 12V to Orion READY (pin 2) + X144 K1-24 (via permission chain)
  ├─→ Orion self-checks pass
  │     └─→ Discharge Enable (pin 7) activates → REC35 closes (3.8A inrush / 0.13A hold)
  ├─→ 12V energizes HV precharge relay
  │     └─→ pack voltage → B+ Precharge → X144 caps charge (4428µF)
  └─→ X144 precharge complete → K1-25/K1-26 → GV200 closes → HV BUS LIVE

Shutdown Sequence

Key OFF or fault
  ├─→ X144 stops torque → opens GV200 (positive breaks first)
  └─→ Orion drops pin 7 → REC35 opens (negative breaks)HV BUS DEAD

5. Complete Safety Chain

ALL PATHS CONNECTED
Every BMS kill path is wired and accounted for
                   ┌── CAN → X144 (stop torque)               ✓ Bus C (250K)
                   ├── CAN → Elcon (stop charging)             ✓ Bus B (250K, CAN-3865)
                   ├── Pin 7 (Discharge Enable) → REC35 coil   ✓ Opens negative path
  BMS detects  ────├── Pin 8 (Charge Enable) → regen interlock  ✓ Stops regen charge
  fault            ├── Pin 6 (Charger Safety) → T9AP relay      ✓ Kills charger 12V wake
                   ├── Pin 26 (Kill Authority) → perm. chain    ✓ Kills X144 K1-24
                   └── Inertia switch (crash) → perm. chain     ✓ Physical crash cutoff

Permission Chain:
  12V fused → Ignition/READYInertia SwitchOrion Pin 26 relay → X144 K1-24

Charger Shutdown (3-tier):
  Tier 1: CAN via Bus B (CAN-3865: charger self-stops after 5 sec w/o valid msg)
  Tier 2: Pin 6 → T9AP1D52-12 → charger 12V wake killed
  Tier 3: AC relay in series with mains → physical power cut

6. Battery Pack & Cell Tap Mapping

 PACK−  ◄── M7 (R-Bot)  ── cells  1-6  ──   0V to  22V ──┐
             M6 (R-Top)  ── cells  7-12 ──  22V to  44V   │
         ───[J3 jumper: right box → center-right]───Connector 1
             M5 (CR-Bot) ── cells 13-18 ──  44V to  67V   │ (Groups 1-3)
         ───[J2 jumper: center-right → center-left]──         │ Cells 1-36
             M4 (CL-Bot) ── cells 19-24 ──  67V to  89V   │
             M3 (CL-Top) ── cells 25-30 ──  89V to 111V   │
         ───[J1 jumper: center-left → left box]───             │
             M2 (L-Bot)  ── cells 31-36 ── 111V to 133V ──┘
        ═══════════════ 2.5kV ISOLATION BOUNDARY ═══════════════
             M1 (L-Top)  ── cells 37-42 ── 133V to 155V ──┐ Connector 2
             (taps 43-48 all tied to cell 42+)                    │ (Group 4)
 PACK+  ◄── M1+ ──────────────────────────────────────────┘ Cells 37-42
COMPENSATION

Cells 19 and 31 sit at external jumper boundaries (J2 and J1). Measure actual jumper cable resistance with a milliohm meter and enter compensation values in the Orion BMS utility. Also verify tap progression with DMM before connecting to Orion: each step should be ~3.7V, rising from PACK−. Taps 42–48 should read the same voltage.

Thermistor Plan

IDLocationModuleType
T1M1 rear sensor areaL-Top (cells 37-42)10K NTC
T2M2 rear sensor areaL-Bot (cells 31-36)10K NTC
T3M3 rear sensor areaCL-Top (cells 25-30)10K NTC
T4M4 rear sensor areaCL-Bot (cells 19-24)10K NTC
T5M5 rear sensor areaCR-Bot (cells 13-18)10K NTC
T6M6 rear sensor areaR-Top (cells 7-12)10K NTC
T7M7 rear sensor areaR-Bot (cells 1-6)10K NTC
T8Shelf / electronics airspace10K NTC

All same B value. Use Orion thermistor expansion module for channels beyond 8 built-in inputs.

7. CAN Bus Architecture

BusSpeedNodesTerm. End 1Term. End 2
A500KOrion CAN1, Speedhut SOC, CANdapter teeOrion CAN1 internal 120ΩExternal 120Ω at Speedhut
B250KOrion CAN2, Elcon 6.6kW chargerExternal 120Ω at Orion CAN2Elcon internal 120Ω
C250KX144, CAN Touch Display, tach adapter (EVW-CBTH9)X144 internal (K1-3↔K1-14)Tach driver internal 120Ω (switch 1 ON)

Design rules: Twisted pair shielded cable. Ground shield at one point only. Short stubs. All devices share common LV ground (Orion pin 12). Verify 60Ω per bus with power off. Use external CAN isolator if any device has different ground reference.

Elcon CAN-3865 Protocol (Bus B)

ParameterValue
ProtocolCAN-3865 (Elcon proprietary)
Baud rate250K
Command cycle1 second (Orion sends voltage/current setpoint)
TimeoutCharger self-stops after 5 seconds without valid CAN message
Orion configSelect "Elcon/TC" charger profile in CAN2 tab

Speedhut CAN Messages (Bus A, 500K, Orion SID)

DisplayCAN IDStart BitLenScaleTypeUnits
SOC (Battery Level)0x3550161Unsigned%
Pack Voltage0x3560160.1UnsignedV
Pack Current0x35616160.1SignedA
Battery Temp0x35632160.1Signed°C
12V Battery0x21032160.1UnsignedV

All Intel (Little Endian). Orion: "Orion SID" + "zero ev ccs". Speedhut warning at 15% SOC.

Touch Display TPDOs (Bus C, 250K)

TPDOID (Hex)RateContents
10x15496msFault, inv temp, motor temp, SOC, speed, torque
20x155118msDC bus current, voltage, motor current, flags
30x156140msOperating time

SmartView: My ID=1, Role=CO Node, Baud=250K, Heartbeat=Slow.

EV West Tach Adapter (EVW-CBTH9) — Bus C, 250K

Requires a 4th TPDO on the X144 (in addition to the 3 Touch Display TPDOs). Configure in SmartView:

Message ID [HEX]: 25 • Uncheck “Add My Node ID” • Real ID = 0x25 • Bytes 1-2: 0 (empty) • Bytes 3-4: Motor 1 – Speed Measured (ABS) [rpm]

DIP switches: SW1 = ON (120Ω termination — replaces external terminator at Display end) • SW2 = OFF, SW3 = ON, SW4 = OFF (4-cylinder pulse for VW Bus flat-4 tachometer)

Wiring: Yellow = CAN-H • Blue = CAN-L • Red = +12V (LV-F5) • Black = GND • Green = analog tach signal output to gauge

Optional CAN Gateway

Not required for baseline vehicle. Preferred: Waveshare 2-CH CAN HAT+ (isolated, dual-channel, Raspberry Pi). Can bridge/log two buses in-vehicle. The Seeed XIAO CAN board (non-isolated, single-channel) is bench-only.

8. Orion BMS 2 — Main I/O (Frozen)

PinNameDirAssignmentWD
1Always OnPwrFused 12V always-on (required for J1772 wake)
2READYPwrKeyed ignition 12V, fused 5A
3CHARGEPwr12V from AC/DC adapter on J1772 mains
4SOC OutputAnlg0–5V (available; Speedhut uses CAN instead)No
5CCL OutputAnlg0–5V charge current limitNo
6Charger SafetyODT9AP relay → Elcon 12V wake + AC relayYes
7Discharge EnableODInterposing relay → REC35 K-coil (pin 7 drives small relay, relay switches +12V to REC35 coil BLACK wire)Yes
8Charge EnableODRegen braking permission relayYes
10MPO3 / Fan EnableODThermal pump/fan control relay (175mA max)No
12GroundGNDCommon ground — all power sources and CAN
13MPI1 / J1772 CPInJ1772 Control Pilot
14MPI2 / J1772 ProxInJ1772 Proximity Detect
16DCL OutputAnlg0–5V discharge current limit (NOT watchdog)No
26Multi-Purpose EnableODKill Authority → permission chain (500mA/4A)Yes

OD = Open Drain. WD = Watchdog backed. Current sensor: Pin 1=+5V, 2=High, 3=GND, 4=Low.

9. X144 Controller — K1 Connector

PinNameConnection
1I/O Ground12V negative / chassis ground
2CAN-LBus C CAN Low
3CAN-L RESJumper → K1-14 (internal 120Ω)
4DI1 (Interlock)Traction Enable / charge interlock
5DI2 (Forward)Forward direction switch
6DI3 (Reverse)Reverse direction switch
9Encoder GNDMotor encoder pin 4
10+12V OutLIN bus only (200mA max — NOT for Touch Display)
11AI1 (Throttle)EV West hall throttle wiper
12I/O GroundThrottle/thermistor analog ground
13CAN-HBus C CAN High
14CAN-H RESJumper → K1-3 (internal 120Ω)
18DI5 (Profile 2)Profile switch → 28% regen (E/S/H mode)
19DI6 (Profile 3)Profile switch → 40% regen (E/S/H mode)
21Encoder SinMotor encoder pin 2
24Key Switch In12V permission chain. MAX 24V — catastrophic failure above!
25Coil Return (+)GV200PA-1 coil terminal X1
26Driver Out 1 (−)GV200PA-1 coil terminal X2
32Motor ThermHyPer 9HV thermistor pin 2
33Encoder CosMotor encoder pin 3
35+5V OutEncoder pin 1 + throttle 5V supply

Profiles: none=coast (0% regen), K1-18=28%, K1-19=40%. Clone nominal voltage: 144.00V. Disconnect throttle/phase before loading uncalibrated clone.

10. Fuse Schedules

HV Fuses

IDRatingTypeProtects
F1500A / 220VPack fuse blockMain pack short circuit
F260A20EV fuse/blockCharger HV branch (UPSTREAM of GV200 — plug-and-charge)
F320AKLK 10×38mmDC-DC HV branch (upstream of GV200)
F410AKLK 10×38mmPrecharge path (reduced from 20A; measure inrush, may go to 5A)
F525ATRM (from CanEV kit)CanEV 1500W HV cabin heater (~10-11A @ 144V)

LV (12V) Fuses

IDFunctionSource
LV-F1Orion Always On (pin 1)12V battery (unswitched)
LV-F2Orion READY (pin 2)Ignition switch
LV-F3Orion CHARGE (pin 3)J1772 AC/DC adapter
LV-F4CAN Touch Display (5A)Switched 12V
LV-F5EV West tach adapterSwitched 12V
LV-F6Speedhut SOC gaugeSwitched 12V + lighting
LV-F7Throttle / signal protectionSwitched 12V
LV-F8Main relay / control feedSwitched 12V
LV-F9Cabin heater blower (12V 3-speed)Switched 12V
LV-F10Pump / fan control logicSwitched 12V

11. Relay Schedule

IDFunctionControl SourceNotes
R1Main contactor (GV200)X144 K1-25/K1-26External PWM economizer
R2Negative contactor (REC35)Orion pin 7 → interposing relayPin 7 drives small relay (≤175mA), relay switches +12V to REC35 K-coil BLACK wire
R3HV precharge relay12V key switchF4 (10A) → B+ Precharge
R4Charger AC safetyOrion pin 6T9AP1D52-12. Contacts: fused 12V → charger wake + AC relay coil
R5DC-DC enableREADY OR CHARGE (diode-OR)Runs during both driving and charging. Two diodes from READY and CHARGE → enable pin.
R6HV cabin heaterCabin enable + interlockTyco LEV100 contactor (from CanEV kit) + 25A TRM fuse. Downstream of GV200 — driving only.
R7Controller loop pumpREADY power (continuous)Loop 1: SC-WP pump, runs continuously. No intermittent cycling.
R8Battery loop pumpREADY powerLoop 2: SC-WP pump, always on, active thermal
R9Cooling radiator fanAuto (temp sw #2)Loop 2: SC-FAN, kicks on above threshold
R10Loop 1 radiator fanAuto (temp sw #1)Loop 1: fan on large radiator in engine bay. Thermostatically controlled.
R1112V fluid heater 1Manual switchSC-WH inline heater, battery warming
R1212V fluid heater 2Manual switchSC-WH inline heater, battery warming
R13Future generator enableFutureYonda 144V (not baseline)

12. Connector Part Numbers

Elcon 6.6kW Charger

InterfaceOn ChargerMating (Build)Pins
LV / CANMolex 348302001Molex 33472200610:+12V 5A • 11:CAN_H • 12:CAN_L • 17:GND
AC InputAmphenol HVSL633023AHVSL6330631:AC N • 2:AC PE • 3:AC L
HV OutputAmphenol HVSL362022AHVSL3620621:HV+ • 2:HV−

Elcon 1kW DC-DC

InterfaceConnectorPins
Signal / CANDJ7041-1.5-211:CANH • 2:CANL • 3:CAN_GND • 4:ENABLE
HV InputTyco 2103124-4 / mate 2103177-41:DC+ • 2:DC− • 3:HVIL • 4:HVIL
LV OutputM8 studsBolted + / − terminals

13. Thermal System

ARCHITECTURE DEFINED
Two Independent Coolant Loops

Loop 1 — Controller (Passive Cooling)

Components: X144 chill plate (EVW-H9CP-3) → pump (SC-WP Smart Car, R7, continuous) → large radiator + fan (R10, thermostatically controlled via TEMPSWITCH #1) in engine bay → expansion tank (TBD — need to buy second tank or share)

Control: Pump runs continuously when READY power is active. Fan (R10) controlled thermostatically via temp switch #1 — kicks on above threshold. Engine bay passive airflow is NOT sufficient alone per peer review (belt-driven fan removed, turbulent wake zone). This loop’s only job is to cool the controller.

Loop 2 — Battery & Cabin (Active Thermal Management)

Components: Pump (SC-WP Smart Car, R8, always on) → 2× 12V inline fluid heaters (SC-WH, R11/R12) → 7× Tesla battery modules → heater core (240mm radiators, always in loop) → cooling radiator (SC-RAD + SC-FAN, always in series) → expansion tank → back to pump

Heating (cold weather): Inline 12V fluid heaters on manual dash switch warm the battery coolant. The CanEV 1500W HV PTC cabin heater also warms the loop indirectly when blower pushes air through the heater core. Both help batteries reach efficient operating temperature.

Cooling (hot weather): Cooling radiator (SC-RAD) is always in series (no bypass valve). Mounted under the bus with good passive airflow at road speed. The SC-FAN (R9) kicks on automatically above a battery temperature threshold via temp switch #2 (TEMPSWITCH). No bypass valve in initial build — can be retrofitted later if cold-weather warmup proves too slow.

Cabin heat: The heater core (240mm radiators) is always in the coolant path but has no airflow unless the CanEV 12V 3-speed blower is activated (manual dash switch). Two cabin heat sources: battery waste heat through the heater core (free), and CanEV 1500W HV PTC element (direct electric heat via ducting). Both feed two dash outlets. Primary vs. supplemental determined by testing — battery waste heat reduces need for electric cabin heat, and cabin heat indirectly helps warm cold batteries.

Control logic: Pump always on when READY. 12V fluid heaters on manual switch. SC-FAN auto above threshold via temp switch. Cabin blower manual 3-speed.

CanEV 1500W Universal Heater Kit (96–215V variant)

Type: HV PTC self-regulating element with integrated 12V blower, ducting, and dash outlets

Kit includes: PTC heating element • Tyco LEV100 contactor (HV switching) • 25A TRM fuse + holder • 12V 3-speed blower • 3×5A diodes (blower speed control) • 5’ ducting hose • mounting bracket • 2× dash outlets • 3-speed switch

HV connection: Switched HV accessory branch via LEV100 contactor (from kit) and 25A TRM fuse (from kit). Cabin enable logic controls contactor coil.

Dimensions: 6.25″ W × 5.25″ H × 10.5″ L

Voltage range: 96V min – 215V max (covers 126–176V pack range)

Shelf heat budget: BMS balancing ~40W + DC-DC ~100W = ~140W. Monitor T8 during first charge cycles. If >60°C, consider relocating DC-DC.

ParameterX144 InverterHyPer 9HV Motor
Derating begins+80°C (100%)+135°C (100%)
Shutdown+95°C (50%)+165°C
Cooling ON+55°C+110°C
Cooling OFF+45°C+90°C

14. Parts Inventory

Battery Pack

ItemQtyStatus
Tesla Model S 5.3 kWh module7On hand
Battery boxes (L, Center mated, R)3On hand
Tesla module through-boards7On hand
Stacked pair busbars (diagonal)3On hand
Tesla right-angle busbarsOn hand
Tesla coolant connectors7 prOn hand
PRV blow-off valve1On hand
Additional PRV valves2-3BUY

BMS & Sensing

ItemQtyStatus
Orion BMS 2 (48S)1On hand
Thermistor expansion module1On hand
Orion CANdapter1On hand
DHAB S/155 current sensor1On hand

Drive System

ItemQtyStatus
HyPer 9HV + X144 controller1On hand
GV200PA-1 main contactor1On hand
REC35P1KX neg contactor1On hand
HV precharge relay1On hand
CAN Touch Display + faceplate1On hand
Serial-to-USB (SmartView)1On hand
Wire harness assembly1On hand
Motor plug kit1On hand
Chill plate + tube1On hand
Adapter plate + motor cradle1On hand

Charging & LV

ItemQtyStatus
Elcon 6.6kW charger1On hand
Elcon 1kW DC-DC1On hand
J1772 32A Receptacle Ver. 2 (J1772R-V2) + bracket1On hand
NLX24 12V battery1On hand
12V fuse box / ground system1On hand

Protection & Distribution

ItemQtyStatus
HVBD4AXR disconnect1On hand
500A/220V pack fuse + block1On hand
60A 20EV fuse + block1On hand
20A KLK fuses + holders2+On hand
12V relay (T9AP1D52-12)1+On hand
4-fuse holder1On hand
Inertia switch1On hand

Controls & Instruments

ItemQtyStatus
EV West hall throttle sensor (EVW-TH-HALL) + ball socket1On hand
EV West CAN tach adapter (EVW-CBTH9)1On hand
Speedhut 2-1/16" SOC gauge1On hand
F/R switch1Planned
Profile switches (E/S/H)2Planned

Thermal & Comfort

ItemQtyStatus
CanEV 1500W cabin heater kit (96–215V)1On hand
— includes LEV100 contactor, 25A TRM fuse/holder, 12V blower, ducting, 2× dash outlets, 3-speed switch, diodes, bracket
Coolant pump (SC-WP Smart Car)2On hand
Coolant pump (Tesla, spare)1On hand
Large radiator + fan (R10) → Loop 11On hand (radiator); fan needs purchase
Radiator + fan (SC-RAD + SC-FAN) → Loop 21On hand
12V inline fluid heater (SC-WH)2On hand
Adj. temp fan/pump switch (TEMPSWITCH)2On hand
Expansion tank1On hand
Second expansion tank (for Loop 1)1BUY
Hoses + tubingMultipleOn hand

Wiring & Hardware

ItemQtyStatus
2/0 AWG orange HV cableOn hand
2/0 lugs (various stud sizes)On hand
Red/black terminal bootsOn hand
Heat shrink tubingOn hand
Sealed power connectorsOn hand
Non-metallic cable glandsOn hand

15. Required Tools & Software

Electrical & Mechanical

CAT-rated digital multimeter
TOLSEN 6-piece insulated hand tool set (on hand)
Torque wrench + sockets for HV studs
Crimp tools: Deutsch, Ampseal, Molex, lugs
Continuity tester
Label printer / heat-shrink labels
Heat gun
Hose clamp tools
Coolant fill/bleed funnel
Catch pan + spill supplies

Safety Equipment

Eye protection
HV-rated insulated gloves (Class 0 min)
Non-conductive footwear
No metal jewelry during HV work

Software & Adapters

Orion BMS Utility (latest)
NetGain SmartView
CANdapter (on hand) for Orion
CAN Bus Analyzer (CAN-ANLYZR) standalone
Serial-to-USB (on hand) for SmartView
All manuals in PDF (see Sec. 18)

16. Commissioning Checklist

#StepNotes
1Inventory and label every partLabel printer or heat-shrink
2Confirm X144 B+ Precharge terminal present (ISO verify)Between V and W phase outputs
3Label battery slots; measure all module voltages~22V nominal each
4Install busbars + jumpers J1/J2/J3; measure PACK+ to PACK−~155V full string
5Install through-boards + thermistors; verify tap progression~3.7V per step from PACK−
6Bench-power Orion 12V only; save config; verify firmwareBuild 42-group corrected profile
7Connect X144 via SmartView; save clone; verify ISO logicNom voltage = 144.00V; no HV yet
8Mount shelf; route HV and control lanes separatelyPhysical separation between lanes
9Wire HV paths: precharge, charger, DC-DC, heaterVerify fuse ratings before energizing
10Wire Orion I/O: Always On, READY, CHARGE, safety chainTest permission chain before HV
11Build 3 CAN buses; verify termination + ground + baud60Ω per bus, power off
12Bring up LV only: 12V, CAN, BMS, displaysVerify cells, temps, CAN traffic
13Verify current sensor sign (charge=neg, discharge=pos)Invert in software if needed
14First isolated precharge testMonitor B+ Precharge ramp
15Bring up DC-DC (14V output) → then chargerVerify charge V/I limits
16Bring up X144 tractionWheels off ground!
17Spin-sensor commissioningThrottle disconnected for clone load
18Finalize instruments, heater, thermalAfter core traction/charging stable

17. Issue Status

IDIssueStatusResolution
01X144 logic typeRESOLVEDISO locked. K1-24=12V. Precharge via B+ Precharge.
02Cell numberingRESOLVEDM7=cells 1-6 (PACK−) → M1=37-42 (PACK+).
03Contactor rolesRESOLVEDGV200=main/pos (X144). REC35=neg (pin 7 via interposing relay).
04BMS kill authorityRESOLVEDPin 26 in permission chain. Watchdog-backed.
05Charger safetyRESOLVED3-tier: CAN, Pin 6 relay, AC relay.
06DC-DC bootstrapRESOLVEDHV+ upstream of GV200 via F3.
07Speedhut typeRESOLVEDCAN SOC gauge @ 500K Orion SID.
08CAN topologyRESOLVED3-bus: A=500K, B=250K, C=250K.
09Thermal loopsRESOLVEDTwo-loop: L1 controller passive, L2 battery active + cabin heat.
10REC35 coil controlRESOLVEDK-coil via interposing relay. Pin 7 → small relay → REC35 coil BLACK wire.
11Touch Display busRESOLVEDCAN Bus C @ 250K. Not LIN.
12CAN HATRESOLVEDOptional. Waveshare 2-CH HAT+ preferred.

18. Reference Manuals

DocumentFile / URL
HyPer System User Manual Rev.A.1HyPer_System_User_Manual_RevA_1.pdf
AmpRevolt HV SchematicAmpRevolt - Hyper 9&9HV High Voltage Schematic.pdf
CAN Touch Display Manual Rev.A.1Touch_Display_User_Manual_RevA1.pdf
Clone File Management QuickGuideHyPer_Clone_File_Management_QuickGuide.pdf
Orion BMS 2 Wiring Manual Rev 1.1orionbms2_wiring_manual.pdf
Orion BMS 2 Operational Manualorionbms2_operational_manual.pdf
Orion BMS 2 Quickstart Guidequickstart_orion2.pdf
Elcon 6.6kW Charger Manual6.6kw_Low-Voltage-HK-LF-115-58-02272024.pdf
Elcon 1kW DC-DC ManualElcon-TDC-IY_1KW-DC-DC.pdf
ELCON CAN-3865 Protocolelconchargers.com/.../CAN-3865.pdf
REC35 Datasheet Rev 5REC35_SERIES_DATASHEET_REV_5.pdf
Speedhut EV Gauge InstructionsEV_Gauge_Instructions.pdf
EV West Tach Driver Manualevwest.com/.../EV West Tach Driver Manual.pdf